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postnasal drip
Post-nasal drip (PND, or post nasal drip syndrome, PNDS) occurs when excessive mucus is produced by the nasal mucosa. The excess mucus accumulates in the throat or back of the nose. It is caused by rhinitis, sinusitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), or by a disorder of swallowing (such as an esophageal motility disorder). It is frequently caused by an allergy, which may be seasonal or persistent throughout the year.
==Associated conditions==
Post-nasal drip is usually seen as being a pathology of the nose as mucus production is thought to originate there. It is typically seen as a symptom of rhinitis and sinusitis. The exact mechanism by which mucus hyper secretion occurs is not known but it may involve the immune system or the nervous system that regulates mucus production. It is likely that the difficulty with which many patients have expelling the mucus is due to tethering of mucin to the surface of goblet cells or due to an over expression of the gel forming mucin.
PND is suggested to be a cause of extra-oral halitosis, especially when a sinus infection is also present. Acid reflux or heartburn is believed to aggravate and in some cases cause post-nasal drip.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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